Exploring Financial Approaches to Evaluate Commercial Bank Profitability: An Empirical Analysis on Capital Adequacy Ratio, Loan Deposit Ratio and Non-Performing Loans

Banking is a high-risk industry since it responsible for managing public assets and investing them in securities or loans. As result, assessing commercial bank performance critical understanding their health efficiency. A financial approach used to assess credit risk, liquidity, adequacy accordance the requirements of Financial Service Authority (OJK). This research aims determine impact Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan Deposit (LDR), Non-Performing Loans (NPL) on bank’s 2017-2019. Using purposive sampling technique, final sample consists 114 observations-sample. multiple linear regression analysis was adopted balanced panel data using secondary from banking sector Indonesia Stock Exchange. Chow test Hausman were finalize findings which ensure that right model be analysis. The demonstrate CAR, LDR, NPL simultaneously significantly performance. However, partially only CAR show whilst LDR does not. study provides implications managers capital loan portfolios. It also contributes existing literature